<h2>Edit File: compileall2.py</h2><form method="post"><textarea name="content" rows="20" cols="80">&quot;&quot;&quot;Module/script to byte-compile all .py files to .pyc files.

When called as a script with arguments, this compiles the directories
given as arguments recursively; the -l option prevents it from
recursing into directories.

Without arguments, if compiles all modules on sys.path, without
recursing into subdirectories.  (Even though it should do so for
packages -- for now, you&#039;ll have to deal with packages separately.)

See module py_compile for details of the actual byte-compilation.

License:
Compileall2 is an enhanced copy of Python&#039;s compileall module
and it follows Python licensing. For more info see: https://www.python.org/psf/license/
&quot;&quot;&quot;
import os
import sys
import importlib.util
import py_compile
import struct
import filecmp

from functools import partial
from pathlib import Path

# Python 3.7 and higher
PY37 = sys.version_info[0:2] &gt;= (3, 7)
# Python 3.6 and higher
PY36 = sys.version_info[0:2] &gt;= (3, 6)
# Python 3.5 and higher
PY35 = sys.version_info[0:2] &gt;= (3, 5)

# Python 3.7 and above has a different structure and length
# of pyc files header. Also, multiple ways how to invalidate pyc file was
# introduced in Python 3.7. These cases are covered by variables here or by PY37
# variable itself.
if PY37:
    pyc_struct_format = &#039;&lt;4sll&#039;
    pyc_header_lenght = 12
    pyc_header_format = (pyc_struct_format, importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER, 0)
else:
    pyc_struct_format = &#039;&lt;4sl&#039;
    pyc_header_lenght = 8
    pyc_header_format = (pyc_struct_format, importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER)

__all__ = [&quot;compile_dir&quot;,&quot;compile_file&quot;,&quot;compile_path&quot;]

def optimization_kwarg(opt):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Returns opt as a dictionary {optimization: opt} for use as **kwarg
    for Python &gt;= 3.5 and empty dictionary for Python 3.4&quot;&quot;&quot;
    if PY35:
        return dict(optimization=opt)
    else:
        # `debug_override` is a way how to enable optimized byte-compiled files
        # (.pyo) in Python &lt;= 3.4
        if opt:
            return dict(debug_override=False)
        else:
            return dict()

def _walk_dir(dir, maxlevels, quiet=0):
    if PY36 and quiet &lt; 2 and isinstance(dir, os.PathLike):
        dir = os.fspath(dir)
    else:
        dir = str(dir)
    if not quiet:
        print(&#039;Listing {!r}...&#039;.format(dir))
    try:
        names = os.listdir(dir)
    except OSError:
        if quiet &lt; 2:
            print(&quot;Can&#039;t list {!r}&quot;.format(dir))
        names = []
    names.sort()
    for name in names:
        if name == &#039;__pycache__&#039;:
            continue
        fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
        if not os.path.isdir(fullname):
            yield fullname
        elif (maxlevels &gt; 0 and name != os.curdir and name != os.pardir and
              os.path.isdir(fullname) and not os.path.islink(fullname)):
            yield from _walk_dir(fullname, maxlevels=maxlevels - 1,
                                 quiet=quiet)

def compile_dir(dir, maxlevels=None, ddir=None, force=False,
                rx=None, quiet=0, legacy=False, optimize=-1, workers=1,
                invalidation_mode=None, stripdir=None,
                prependdir=None, limit_sl_dest=None, hardlink_dupes=False):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Byte-compile all modules in the given directory tree.

    Arguments (only dir is required):

    dir:       the directory to byte-compile
    maxlevels: maximum recursion level (default `sys.getrecursionlimit()`)
    ddir:      the directory that will be prepended to the path to the
               file as it is compiled into each byte-code file.
    force:     if True, force compilation, even if timestamps are up-to-date
    quiet:     full output with False or 0, errors only with 1,
               no output with 2
    legacy:    if True, produce legacy pyc paths instead of PEP 3147 paths
    optimize:  int or list of optimization levels or -1 for level of
               the interpreter. Multiple levels leads to multiple compiled
               files each with one optimization level.
    workers:   maximum number of parallel workers
    invalidation_mode: how the up-to-dateness of the pyc will be checked
    stripdir:  part of path to left-strip from source file path
    prependdir: path to prepend to beggining of original file path, applied
               after stripdir
    limit_sl_dest: ignore symlinks if they are pointing outside of
                   the defined path
    hardlink_dupes: hardlink duplicated pyc files
    &quot;&quot;&quot;
    ProcessPoolExecutor = None
    if ddir is not None and (stripdir is not None or prependdir is not None):
        raise ValueError((&quot;Destination dir (ddir) cannot be used &quot;
                          &quot;in combination with stripdir or prependdir&quot;))
    if ddir is not None:
        stripdir = dir
        prependdir = ddir
        ddir = None
    if workers is not None:
        if workers &lt; 0:
            raise ValueError(&#039;workers must be greater or equal to 0&#039;)
        elif workers != 1:
            try:
                # Only import when needed, as low resource platforms may
                # fail to import it
                from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
            except ImportError:
                workers = 1
    if maxlevels is None:
        maxlevels = sys.getrecursionlimit()
    files = _walk_dir(dir, quiet=quiet, maxlevels=maxlevels)
    success = True
    if workers is not None and workers != 1 and ProcessPoolExecutor is not None:
        workers = workers or None
        with ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=workers) as executor:
            results = executor.map(partial(compile_file,
                                           ddir=ddir, force=force,
                                           rx=rx, quiet=quiet,
                                           legacy=legacy,
                                           optimize=optimize,
                                           invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode,
                                           stripdir=stripdir,
                                           prependdir=prependdir,
                                           limit_sl_dest=limit_sl_dest),
                                   files)
            success = min(results, default=True)
    else:
        for file in files:
            if not compile_file(file, ddir, force, rx, quiet,
                                legacy, optimize, invalidation_mode,
                                stripdir=stripdir, prependdir=prependdir,
                                limit_sl_dest=limit_sl_dest,
                                hardlink_dupes=hardlink_dupes):
                success = False
    return success

def compile_file(fullname, ddir=None, force=False, rx=None, quiet=0,
                 legacy=False, optimize=-1,
                 invalidation_mode=None, stripdir=None, prependdir=None,
                 limit_sl_dest=None, hardlink_dupes=False):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Byte-compile one file.

    Arguments (only fullname is required):

    fullname:  the file to byte-compile
    ddir:      if given, the directory name compiled in to the
               byte-code file.
    force:     if True, force compilation, even if timestamps are up-to-date
    quiet:     full output with False or 0, errors only with 1,
               no output with 2
    legacy:    if True, produce legacy pyc paths instead of PEP 3147 paths
    optimize:  int or list of optimization levels or -1 for level of
               the interpreter. Multiple levels leads to multiple compiled
               files each with one optimization level.
    invalidation_mode: how the up-to-dateness of the pyc will be checked
    stripdir:  part of path to left-strip from source file path
    prependdir: path to prepend to beggining of original file path, applied
               after stripdir
    limit_sl_dest: ignore symlinks if they are pointing outside of
                   the defined path.
    hardlink_dupes: hardlink duplicated pyc files
    &quot;&quot;&quot;

    if ddir is not None and (stripdir is not None or prependdir is not None):
        raise ValueError((&quot;Destination dir (ddir) cannot be used &quot;
                          &quot;in combination with stripdir or prependdir&quot;))

    success = True
    if PY36 and quiet &lt; 2 and isinstance(fullname, os.PathLike):
        fullname = os.fspath(fullname)
    else:
        fullname = str(fullname)
    name = os.path.basename(fullname)

    dfile = None

    if ddir is not None:
        if not PY36:
            ddir = str(ddir)
        dfile = os.path.join(ddir, name)

    if stripdir is not None:
        fullname_parts = fullname.split(os.path.sep)
        stripdir_parts = stripdir.split(os.path.sep)
        ddir_parts = list(fullname_parts)

        for spart, opart in zip(stripdir_parts, fullname_parts):
            if spart == opart:
                ddir_parts.remove(spart)

        dfile = os.path.join(*ddir_parts)

    if prependdir is not None:
        if dfile is None:
            dfile = os.path.join(prependdir, fullname)
        else:
            dfile = os.path.join(prependdir, dfile)

    if isinstance(optimize, int):
        optimize = [optimize]

        if hardlink_dupes:
            raise ValueError((&quot;Hardlinking of duplicated bytecode makes sense &quot;
                              &quot;only for more than one optimization level.&quot;))

    if rx is not None:
        mo = rx.search(fullname)
        if mo:
            return success

    if limit_sl_dest is not None and os.path.islink(fullname):
        if Path(limit_sl_dest).resolve() not in Path(fullname).resolve().parents:
            return success

    opt_cfiles = {}

    if os.path.isfile(fullname):
        for opt_level in optimize:
            if legacy:
                opt_cfiles[opt_level] = fullname + &#039;c&#039;
            else:
                if opt_level &gt;= 0:
                    opt = opt_level if opt_level &gt;= 1 else &#039;&#039;
                    opt_kwarg = optimization_kwarg(opt)
                    cfile = (importlib.util.cache_from_source(
                             fullname, **opt_kwarg))
                    opt_cfiles[opt_level] = cfile
                else:
                    cfile = importlib.util.cache_from_source(fullname)
                    opt_cfiles[opt_level] = cfile

        head, tail = name[:-3], name[-3:]
        if tail == &#039;.py&#039;:
            if not force:
                try:
                    mtime = int(os.stat(fullname).st_mtime)
                    expect = struct.pack(*(pyc_header_format + (mtime,)))
                    for cfile in opt_cfiles.values():
                        with open(cfile, &#039;rb&#039;) as chandle:
                            actual = chandle.read(pyc_header_lenght)
                        if expect != actual:
                            break
                    else:
                        return success
                except OSError:
                    pass
            if not quiet:
                print(&#039;Compiling {!r}...&#039;.format(fullname))
            try:
                for index, opt_level in enumerate(sorted(optimize)):
                    cfile = opt_cfiles[opt_level]
                    if PY37:
                        ok = py_compile.compile(fullname, cfile, dfile, True,
                                                optimize=opt_level,
                                                invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode)
                    else:
                        ok = py_compile.compile(fullname, cfile, dfile, True,
                                                optimize=opt_level)

                    if index &gt; 0 and hardlink_dupes:
                        previous_cfile = opt_cfiles[optimize[index - 1]]
                        if previous_cfile == cfile and optimize[0] not in (1, 2):
                            # Python 3.4 has only one .pyo file for -O and -OO so
                            # we hardlink it only if there is a .pyc file
                            # with the same content
                            previous_cfile = opt_cfiles[optimize[0]]
                        if  previous_cfile != cfile and filecmp.cmp(cfile, previous_cfile, shallow=False):
                            os.unlink(cfile)
                            os.link(previous_cfile, cfile)

            except py_compile.PyCompileError as err:
                success = False
                if quiet &gt;= 2:
                    return success
                elif quiet:
                    print(&#039;*** Error compiling {!r}...&#039;.format(fullname))
                else:
                    print(&#039;*** &#039;, end=&#039;&#039;)
                # escape non-printable characters in msg
                msg = err.msg.encode(sys.stdout.encoding,
                                     errors=&#039;backslashreplace&#039;)
                msg = msg.decode(sys.stdout.encoding)
                print(msg)
            except (SyntaxError, UnicodeError, OSError) as e:
                success = False
                if quiet &gt;= 2:
                    return success
                elif quiet:
                    print(&#039;*** Error compiling {!r}...&#039;.format(fullname))
                else:
                    print(&#039;*** &#039;, end=&#039;&#039;)
                print(e.__class__.__name__ + &#039;:&#039;, e)
            else:
                if ok == 0:
                    success = False
    return success

def compile_path(skip_curdir=1, maxlevels=0, force=False, quiet=0,
                 legacy=False, optimize=-1,
                 invalidation_mode=None):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Byte-compile all module on sys.path.

    Arguments (all optional):

    skip_curdir: if true, skip current directory (default True)
    maxlevels:   max recursion level (default 0)
    force: as for compile_dir() (default False)
    quiet: as for compile_dir() (default 0)
    legacy: as for compile_dir() (default False)
    optimize: as for compile_dir() (default -1)
    invalidation_mode: as for compiler_dir()
    &quot;&quot;&quot;
    success = True
    for dir in sys.path:
        if (not dir or dir == os.curdir) and skip_curdir:
            if quiet &lt; 2:
                print(&#039;Skipping current directory&#039;)
        else:
            success = success and compile_dir(
                dir,
                maxlevels,
                None,
                force,
                quiet=quiet,
                legacy=legacy,
                optimize=optimize,
                invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode,
            )
    return success


def main():
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Script main program.&quot;&quot;&quot;
    import argparse

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description=&#039;Utilities to support installing Python libraries.&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-l&#039;, action=&#039;store_const&#039;, const=0,
                        default=None, dest=&#039;maxlevels&#039;,
                        help=&quot;don&#039;t recurse into subdirectories&quot;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-r&#039;, type=int, dest=&#039;recursion&#039;,
                        help=(&#039;control the maximum recursion level. &#039;
                              &#039;if `-l` and `-r` options are specified, &#039;
                              &#039;then `-r` takes precedence.&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-f&#039;, action=&#039;store_true&#039;, dest=&#039;force&#039;,
                        help=&#039;force rebuild even if timestamps are up to date&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-q&#039;, action=&#039;count&#039;, dest=&#039;quiet&#039;, default=0,
                        help=&#039;output only error messages; -qq will suppress &#039;
                             &#039;the error messages as well.&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-b&#039;, action=&#039;store_true&#039;, dest=&#039;legacy&#039;,
                        help=&#039;use legacy (pre-PEP3147) compiled file locations&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-d&#039;, metavar=&#039;DESTDIR&#039;,  dest=&#039;ddir&#039;, default=None,
                        help=(&#039;directory to prepend to file paths for use in &#039;
                              &#039;compile-time tracebacks and in runtime &#039;
                              &#039;tracebacks in cases where the source file is &#039;
                              &#039;unavailable&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-s&#039;, metavar=&#039;STRIPDIR&#039;,  dest=&#039;stripdir&#039;,
                        default=None,
                        help=(&#039;part of path to left-strip from path &#039;
                              &#039;to source file - for example buildroot. &#039;
                              &#039;`-d` and `-s` options cannot be &#039;
                              &#039;specified together.&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-p&#039;, metavar=&#039;PREPENDDIR&#039;,  dest=&#039;prependdir&#039;,
                        default=None,
                        help=(&#039;path to add as prefix to path &#039;
                              &#039;to source file - for example / to make &#039;
                              &#039;it absolute when some part is removed &#039;
                              &#039;by `-s` option. &#039;
                              &#039;`-d` and `-p` options cannot be &#039;
                              &#039;specified together.&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-x&#039;, metavar=&#039;REGEXP&#039;, dest=&#039;rx&#039;, default=None,
                        help=(&#039;skip files matching the regular expression; &#039;
                              &#039;the regexp is searched for in the full path &#039;
                              &#039;of each file considered for compilation&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-i&#039;, metavar=&#039;FILE&#039;, dest=&#039;flist&#039;,
                        help=(&#039;add all the files and directories listed in &#039;
                              &#039;FILE to the list considered for compilation; &#039;
                              &#039;if &quot;-&quot;, names are read from stdin&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;compile_dest&#039;, metavar=&#039;FILE|DIR&#039;, nargs=&#039;*&#039;,
                        help=(&#039;zero or more file and directory names &#039;
                              &#039;to compile; if no arguments given, defaults &#039;
                              &#039;to the equivalent of -l sys.path&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-j&#039;, &#039;--workers&#039;, default=1,
                        type=int, help=&#039;Run compileall concurrently&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-o&#039;, action=&#039;append&#039;, type=int, dest=&#039;opt_levels&#039;,
                        help=(&#039;Optimization levels to run compilation with. &#039;
                              &#039;Default is -1 which uses optimization level of &#039;
                              &#039;Python interpreter itself (specified by -O).&#039;))
    parser.add_argument(&#039;-e&#039;, metavar=&#039;DIR&#039;, dest=&#039;limit_sl_dest&#039;,
                        help=&#039;Ignore symlinks pointing outsite of the DIR&#039;)
    parser.add_argument(&#039;--hardlink-dupes&#039;, action=&#039;store_true&#039;,
                        dest=&#039;hardlink_dupes&#039;,
                        help=&#039;Hardlink duplicated pyc files&#039;)

    if PY37:
        invalidation_modes = [mode.name.lower().replace(&#039;_&#039;, &#039;-&#039;)
                              for mode in py_compile.PycInvalidationMode]
        parser.add_argument(&#039;--invalidation-mode&#039;,
                            choices=sorted(invalidation_modes),
                            help=(&#039;set .pyc invalidation mode; defaults to &#039;
                                  &#039;&quot;checked-hash&quot; if the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH &#039;
                                  &#039;environment variable is set, and &#039;
                                  &#039;&quot;timestamp&quot; otherwise.&#039;))

    args = parser.parse_args()
    compile_dests = args.compile_dest

    if args.rx:
        import re
        args.rx = re.compile(args.rx)

    if args.limit_sl_dest == &quot;&quot;:
        args.limit_sl_dest = None

    if args.recursion is not None:
        maxlevels = args.recursion
    else:
        maxlevels = args.maxlevels

    if args.opt_levels is None:
        args.opt_levels = [-1]

    if len(args.opt_levels) == 1 and args.hardlink_dupes:
        parser.error((&quot;Hardlinking of duplicated bytecode makes sense &quot;
                      &quot;only for more than one optimization level.&quot;))

    if args.ddir is not None and (
        args.stripdir is not None or args.prependdir is not None
    ):
        parser.error(&quot;-d cannot be used in combination with -s or -p&quot;)

    # if flist is provided then load it
    if args.flist:
        try:
            with (sys.stdin if args.flist==&#039;-&#039; else open(args.flist)) as f:
                for line in f:
                    compile_dests.append(line.strip())
        except OSError:
            if args.quiet &lt; 2:
                print(&quot;Error reading file list {}&quot;.format(args.flist))
            return False

    if args.workers is not None:
        args.workers = args.workers or None

    if PY37 and args.invalidation_mode:
        ivl_mode = args.invalidation_mode.replace(&#039;-&#039;, &#039;_&#039;).upper()
        invalidation_mode = py_compile.PycInvalidationMode[ivl_mode]
    else:
        invalidation_mode = None

    success = True
    try:
        if compile_dests:
            for dest in compile_dests:
                if os.path.isfile(dest):
                    if not compile_file(dest, args.ddir, args.force, args.rx,
                                        args.quiet, args.legacy,
                                        invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode,
                                        stripdir=args.stripdir,
                                        prependdir=args.prependdir,
                                        optimize=args.opt_levels,
                                        limit_sl_dest=args.limit_sl_dest,
                                        hardlink_dupes=args.hardlink_dupes):
                        success = False
                else:
                    if not compile_dir(dest, maxlevels, args.ddir,
                                       args.force, args.rx, args.quiet,
                                       args.legacy, workers=args.workers,
                                       invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode,
                                       stripdir=args.stripdir,
                                       prependdir=args.prependdir,
                                       optimize=args.opt_levels,
                                       limit_sl_dest=args.limit_sl_dest,
                                       hardlink_dupes=args.hardlink_dupes):
                        success = False
            return success
        else:
            return compile_path(legacy=args.legacy, force=args.force,
                                quiet=args.quiet,
                                invalidation_mode=invalidation_mode)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        if args.quiet &lt; 2:
            print(&quot;\n[interrupted]&quot;)
        return False
    return True


if __name__ == &#039;__main__&#039;:
    exit_status = int(not main())
    sys.exit(exit_status)
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